Chemical fingerprints and bioactivities of 12 Anatolian Achillea species by LC-MS/MS with chemometric approach: Novel phytonutrients, natural food preservatives and chlorogenic acid sources

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological activities and chemical fingerprint profiles extracts obtained from twelve Achillea L. species (A. lycaonica, A. biebersteinii (syn: arabica), kotschyi subsp. kotschyi, schischkinii, millefolium millefolium, sintenisii, setacea, teretifolia, wilhelmsii santolinoides wilhelmsii), nobilis, goniocephala, spinulifolia). antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory cytotoxic effects were evaluated investigate their bioactivity profiles. Furthermore, total flavonoid phenolic contents determined LC-MS/MS analysis performed reveal phytochemical profile investigated extracts. nobilis detected have very high antioxidant potential as well content (260.00 ± 3.38 282.97 3.14 ?g PEs mg extract?1, respectively). According LC-MS/ MS results, found contain concentrations chlorogenic acid (55812.20 46407 analyte g extract?1). Besides, bioactivities composition these chemometrically analyzed using principal component (PCA) hierarchical clustering (HCA) techniques. It has also been that generally exhibit quite activity against HeLa cell line. studied showed urease activities.